Starting Out and Buying Aquarium Stuff

Accept that you are going to kill some fish on accident.  You will either learn from the mistake or drop the hobby.

New Aquariums need to be cycled.  Taking the time to understand what this means is a must.

Small tanks are not easier to keep fish in than large ones.  Maintenance on a small tank takes less time, but a larger tank provides a larger volume of water which generally provides a more stable environment for fish, and is more forgiving of mistakes by beginners.

Under-gravel filters suck.  You will hate them.  Also see the comment on gravel.

Unless you have a specific need, don’t put gravel in the bottom of your tank.  Go with a “bare bottom” tank, and add decorations.  Leaving the tank bottom bare will make it easier to clean out the fish waste.  If it is not kept clean, it will contaminate the water, causing sick and dying fish.

Do not buy fish on impulse.  Read up on fish that you are considering buying.  Many small and cute, colorful fish in the pet store grow up to be demanding monsters.

Don’t rely on the tank size rating when buying a filter for your tank.  Most filters are rated on their flow without media, which will slow down the flow.  You want filtration that will turn the water over between 5 and 10 times per hour.  For a 10 gallon tank, that’s a 50 to 100 gph filter.  For a 55G tank, it’s 225 to 550 gph.

Canister filters are well worth the extra money.  They are quieter and more powerful than the kind that hang on the back of the tank.

Maintaining a planted tank is much harder and more expensive than it looks

Spend the extra money and get a “master test kit” to test your water with (this is the kind that uses drops of reagent chemicals in test tubes).  The test strips are not that reliable.

Online pet stores are MUCH cheaper for most food, chemicals and hardware.

Pet stores regularly sell fish that are entirely inappropriate for 99.9% of fish keepers.  Know what you are buying and whether you can properly care for them.

The employees of pet stores only appear to know what they are talking about.

Don’t accept the advice of pet store employees on setting up a new tank, particularly the big chain stores like Petco, Petsmart, etc.

Don’t accept the advice of pet store employees on how to treat a disease with your fish

• Pet store employees have a medicine to sell you to cure just about anything you can come up with.  The trouble is, medicine can rarely cure the cause of a problem.

Fish Health

Nearly all fish ailments are due to poor water quality and can only be solved by improving the water quality

Fish from pet stores, particularly the large chain stores, are often infected with ich, internal parasites and other diseases, which can spread to other fish.

Fish that exhibit symptoms of serious illness are often too far gone to save with medicine, or any other treatment.

If a new fish does not eat within the first day (ie, it is not interested in food), it likely never will.  Note: there are some exceptions with particular species that are moody and need to settle in to a new tank, but this is generally true for the common community fish.

Use of antibiotics and anti-bacterial medication will often result in far more severe trouble than the original problem because the medication kills off the beneficial nitrogen-oxidizing bacteria.

The best way to deal with fish diseases is to prevent them by:

1. Not overstocking your tank
2. Performing frequent water changes
3. Using a UV filter

Aquarium Maintenance

Change 20% to 50% of the water every week.

There is a much easier way to change water in your tank than using a siphon and a bucket.  It’s called the “Python No-Spill“.  These are sold at most pet stores now.  Yes, it is OK to put the water directly into the tank from the faucet.  Add the dechlorinator to the tank just before starting to add the water back (freshwater only, of course).

Prime is a very cost effective dechlorinator to use after you change the water – only 2 drops per gallon of water..

Consider using two filters on an aquarium.  This will allow for one to die unexpectedly, or to be cleaned without causing your tank to cycle again.

Keep an eye on the flow rate of filters, particularly as you are changing the water.  If the water if moving slow, clean the filter out and replace the media.  Only clean one filter at a time.

What are your ideas?

Post your wisdom for beginners below.  I know I would have appreciated seeing such a list when I started out.

Post from: Tropical Fish Central

Thinking of getting an Aquarium for Tropical Fish: Aquarium advice I wish I knew from the start

In this post, I’ll describe the most commonly required equipment and supplies for a standard freshwater aquarium.  This is a good list for keeping the most common types of community freshwater fish.  If you are keeping some species of fish, such as African cichlids, or you have extreme water conditions, such as very hard well water, you may require some additional equipment.

Basic Equipment Required for Starting an Aquarium

• Tank and stand
• Python no-spill for water changes
• Master test kit
• Clear ammonia for initial cycling of the aquarium
• Heater – not glass
• Thermometer
• Filter – canister filter, sponge filter or a “hang on the back” (HOB) kind
• Dechlorinator
• Fish net

Recommended Equipment for Starting an Aquarium

• Canister filter
• UV filter
• Master test kit
• Light

Optional Equipment for Starting an Aquarium

• Hood (may come with light, or may just be a flat piece of glass
• Algae brush
• Gravel
• Decorations
• Air pump/airstone (required if using a sponge filter)

Fish Medication

I don’t recommend beginners purchase any medications or salt.  Nearly all problems with fish fall into one of three categories:

1. Illness caused by poor water conditions
2. Illnesses that are extremely difficult to treat
3. Ich/Ick

Medication is not the best way to address any of these situations, and may well make the problem worse.

Salt

Too many people look for advice on how much salt to put in their freshwater tank.  Some specific fish, such as mollies, may benefit from salt, but in general salt is only needed for brackish or salt water fish.  The exception to this is in the treatment of ich/ick where aquarium salt is helpful during the treatment.  The proper salt is “Aquarium Salt” sold by pet stores.

Do not use:

• Epsom salt
• Marine salt (this is for salt water tanks)
• Table salt

Post from: Tropical Fish Central

Aquarium Equipment For An Fish Keeping Beginner